Python provides lots of built-in methods which we can use on strings.
Below are the list of string methods available in Python 3.
| Method | Description | Examples |
| capitalize() | Returns a copy of the string with its first character capitalized and the rest lowercased. | >>> mystring = "hello python" >>> print(mystring.capitalize()) Hello python |
| Casefold() | Returns a casefolded copy of the string. Casefolded strings may be used for caseless matching. | >>> mystring = "hello PYTHON" >>> print(mystring.casefold()) hello python |
| Center(width, [fillchar]) | Returns the string centered in a string of length width. Padding can be done using the specified fillchar (the default padding uses an ASCII space). The original string is returned if width is less than or equal to len(s) | >>> mystring = "Hello" >>> x = mystring.center(12, "-") >>> print(x) ---Hello---- |
| Count(sub, [start], [end]) | Returns the number of non-overlapping occurrences of substring (sub) in the range [start, end]. Optional arguments startand end are interpreted as in slice notation. | >>> mystr = "Hello Python"
>>> print(mystr.count("o"))
2
>>> print(mystr.count("th"))
1
>>> print(mystr.count("l"))
2
>>> print(mystr.count("h"))
1
>>> print(mystr.count("H"))
1
>>> print(mystr.count("hH"))
0 |
| Encode(encoding = “utf-g”, errors = “strict”) | Returns an encoded version of the string as a bytes object. The default encoding is utf-8. errors may be given to set a different error handling scheme. The possible value for errors are:
| >>> mystr = 'python!'
>>> print('The string is:',
mystr)
The string is: python!
>>> print('The encoded
version is: ',
mystr.encode("ascii",
"ignore"))
The encoded version is:
b'python!'
>>> print('The encoded
version (with replace) is:',
mystr.encode("ascii",
"replace"))
The encoded version (with
replace) is: b'python!' |
| endswith(suffix, [start], [end]) | Returns True if the string ends with the specified suffix, otherwise it returns False. | >>> mystr = "Python"
>>>
print(mystr.endswith("y"))
False
>>>
print(mystr.endswith("hon"))
True |
| Expandtabs(tabsize=8) | Returns a copy of the string where all tab characters are replaced by one or more spaces, depending on the current column and the given tab size. | >>> mystr = "1\t2\t3" >>> print(mystr) 1 2 3 >>> print(mystr.expandtabs()) 1 2 3 >>> print(mystr.expandtabs(tabsi ze=15)) 1 2 3 >>> print(mystr.expandtabs(tabsi ze=2)) 1 2 3 |
| Find(sub, [start], [end]) | Returns the lowest index in the string where substring sub is found within the slice s[start:end]. | >>> mystring = "Python"
>>>
print(mystring.find("P"))
0
>>>
print(mystring.find("on"))
4 |
| Format(*args, **kwargs) | Performs a string formatting operation. The string on which this method is called can contain literal text or replacement fields delimited by braces {}. | >>> print("{} and
{}".format("Apple",
"Banana"))
Apple and Banana
>>> print("{1} and
{0}".format("Apple",
"Banana"))
Banana and Apple
>>> print("{lunch} and
{dinner}".format(lunch="Peas
", dinner="Beans"))
Peas and Beans |
| format_map(mapping) | Similar to format(**mapping), except that mapping is used directly and not copied to a dictionary. | >>> lunch = {"Food":
"Pizza", "Drink": "Wine"}
>>> print("Lunch: {Food},
{Drink}".format_map(lunch))
Lunch: Pizza, Wine
>>> class Default(dict):
def __missing__(self,
key):
return key
>>> lunch = {"Drink":
"Wine"}
>>> print("Lunch: {Food},
{Drink}".format_map(Default(
lunch)))
Lunch: Food, Wine |
| Index(sub, [start], [end]) | Searches the string for a specified value and returns the position of where it was found | >>> mystr = "HelloPython"
>>> print(mystr.index("P"))
5
>>>
print(mystr.index("hon"))
8
>>> print(mystr.index("o"))
4 |
| isalnum | Returns True if all characters in the string are alphanumeric | >>> mystr = "HelloPython" >>> print(mystr.isalnum()) True >>> a = "123" >>> print(a.isalnum()) True >>> a= "$*%!!!" >>> print(a.isalnum()) False |
| Isalpha() | Returns True if all characters in the string are in the alphabet | >>> mystr = "HelloPython" >>> print(mystr.isalpha()) True >>> a = "123" >>> print(a.isalpha()) False >>> a= "$*%!!!" >>> print(a.isalpha()) False |
| Isdecimal() | Returns True if all characters in the string are decimals | >>> mystr = "HelloPython" >>> print(mystr.isdecimal()) False >>> a="1.23" >>> print(a.isdecimal()) False >>> c = u"\u00B2" >>> print(c.isdecimal()) False >>> c="133" >>> print(c.isdecimal()) True |
| Isdigit() | Returns True if all characters in the string are digits | >>> c="133" >>> print(c.isdigit()) True >>> c = u"\u00B2" >>> print(c.isdigit()) True >>> a="1.23" >>> print(a.isdigit()) False |
| isidentifier() | Returns True if the string is an identifier | >>> c="133" >>> print(c.isidentifier()) False >>> c="_user_123" >>> print(c.isidentifier()) True >>> c="Python" >>> print(c.isidentifier()) True |
| Islower() | Returns True if all characters in the string are lower case | >>> c="Python" >>> print(c.islower()) False >>> c="_user_123" >>> print(c.islower()) True >>> print(c.islower()) False |
| Isnumeric() | Returns True if all characters in the string are numeric | >>> c="133" >>> print(c.isnumeric()) True >>> c="_user_123" >>> print(c.isnumeric()) False >>> c="Python" >>> print(c.isnumeric()) False |
| isprintable() | Returns True if all characters in the string are printable | >>> c="133" >>> print(c.isprintable()) True >>> c="_user_123" >>> print(c.isprintable()) True >>> c="\t" >>> print(c.isprintable()) False |
| isspace() | Returns True if all characters in the string are whitespaces | >>> c="133" >>> print(c.isspace()) False >>> c="Hello Python" >>> print(c.isspace()) False 73 >>> c="Hello" >>> print(c.isspace()) False >>> c="\t" >>> print(c.isspace()) True |
| istitle() | Returns True if the string follows the rules of a title | >>> c="133" >>> print(c.istitle()) False >>> c="Python" >>> print(c.istitle()) True >>> c="\t" >>> print(c.istitle()) False |
| isupper() | Returns True if all characters in the string are upper case | >>> c="Python" >>> print(c.isupper()) False >>> c="PYHTON" >>> print(c.isupper()) True >>> c="\t" >>> print(c.isupper()) False |
| join(iterable) | Joins the elements of an iterable to the end of the string | >>> a ="-"
>>> print(a.join("123"))
1-2-3
>>> a="Hello Python"
>>> a="**"
>>> print(a.join("Hello
Python"))
H**e**l**l**o**
**P**y**t**h**o**n |
| ljust(width[,fillchar]) | Returns a left justified version of the string | >>> a="Hello" >>> b = a.ljust(12, "_") >>> print(b) Hello_______ |
| lower() | Converts a string into lower case | >>> a = "Python" >>> print(a.lower()) Python |
| lstrip([chars]) | Returns a left trim version of the string | >>> a = " Hello " >>> print(a.lstrip(), "!") Hello |
| maketrans(x[, y[, z]]) | Returns a translation table to be used in translations | >>> frm = "SecretCode" >>> to = "4203040540" >>> trans_table = str.maketrans(frm,to) >>> sec_code = "Secret Code".translate(trans_table) >>> print(sec_code) 400304 0540 |
| partition(sep) | Returns a tuple where the string is parted into three parts | >>> mystr = "Hello-Python"
>>> print(mystr.partition("-
"))
('Hello', '-', 'Python')
74
>>>
print(mystr.partition("."))
('Hello-Python', '', '') |
| replace(old, new[,count]) | Returns a string where a specified value is replaced with a specified value | >>> mystr = "Hello Python.
Hello Java. Hello C++."
>>>
print(mystr.replace("Hello",
"Bye"))
Bye Python. Bye Java. Bye
C++.
>>>
print(mystr.replace("Hello",
"Hell", 2))
Hell Python. Hell Java.
Hello C++. |
| rfind(sub[, start[,end]]) | Searches the string for a specified value and returns the last position of where it was found | >>> mystr = "Hello-Python"
>>> print(mystr.rfind("P"))
6
>>> print(mystr.rfind("-"))
5
>>> print(mystr.rfind("z"))
-1 |
| rindex(sub[, start[,end]]) | Searches the string for a specified value and returns the last position of where it was found | >>> mystr = "Hello-Python"
>>> print(mystr.rindex("P"))
6
>>> print(mystr.rindex("-"))
5
>>> print(mystr.rindex("z"))
Traceback (most recent call
last):
File "<pyshell#253>", line
1, in <module>
print(mystr.rindex("z"))
ValueError: substring not
found |
| rjust(width[,fillchar]) | Returns the string right justified in a string of length width. | >>> mystr = "Hello Python" >>> mystr1 = mystr.rjust(20, "-") >>> print(mystr1) --------Hello Python |
| rpartition(sep) | Returns a tuple where the string is parted into three parts | >>> mystr = "Hello Python"
>>>
print(mystr.rpartition("."))
('', '', 'Hello Python')
>>> print(mystr.rpartition("
"))
('Hello', ' ', 'Python') |
| rsplit(sep=None, maxsplit=-1) | Splits the string at the specified separator, and returns a list | >>> mystr = "Hello Python" >>> print(mystr.rsplit()) ['Hello', 'Python'] >>> mystr = "Hello-Python- Hello" >>> print(mystr.rsplit(sep="-", maxsplit=1)) ['Hello-Python', 'Hello'] |
| rstrip([chars]) | Returns a right trim version of the string | >>> mystr = "Hello Python" >>> print(mystr.rstrip(), "!") Hello Python ! >>> mystr = "------------ Hello Python-----------" >>> print(mystr.rstrip(), "- ") ------------Hello Python---- ------- - >>> print(mystr.rstrip(), "_") ------------Hello Python---- ------- _ |
| split(sep=None, maxsplit=-1) | Splits the string at the specified separator, and returns a list | >>> mystr = "Hello Python"
>>> print(mystr.split())
['Hello', 'Python']
>>> mystr1="Hello,,Python"
>>> print(mystr1.split(","))
['Hello', '', 'Python'] |
| splitlines([keepends]) | Splits the string at line breaks and returns a list | >>> mystr = "Hello:\n\n Python\r\nJava\nC++\n" >>> print(mystr.splitlines()) ['Hello:', '', ' Python', 'Java', 'C++'] >>> print(mystr.splitlines(keepe nds=True)) ['Hello:\n', '\n', ' Python\r\n', 'Java\n', 'C++\n'] |
| startswith(prefix[,start[, end]]) | Returns true if the string starts with the specified value | >>> mystr = "Hello Python"
>>>
print(mystr.startswith("P"))
False
>>>
print(mystr.startswith("H"))
True
>>>
print(mystr.startswith("Hell
"))
True |
| strip([chars]) | Returns a trimmed version of the string | >>> mystr = " Hello Python " >>> print(mystr.strip(), "!") Hello Python ! >>> print(mystr.strip(), " ") Hello Python |
| swapcase() | Swaps cases, lower case becomes upper case and vice versa | >>> mystr = "Hello PYthon" >>> print(mystr.swapcase()) hELLO python |
| title() | Converts the first character of each word to upper case | >>> mystr = "Hello PYthon" >>> print(mystr.title()) Hello Python >>> mystr = "HELLO JAVA" >>> print(mystr.title()) Hello Java |
| translate(table) | Returns a translated string | >>> frm = "helloPython" >>> to = "40250666333" >>> trans_table = str.maketrans(frm, to) >>> secret_code = "Secret Code".translate(trans_table) >>> print(secret_code) S0cr06 C3d0 |
| upper() | Converts a string into upper case | >>> mystr = "hello Python" >>> print(mystr.upper()) HELLO PYTHON |
| zfill(width) | Fills the string with a specified number of 0 values at the beginning | >>> mystr = "999" >>> print(mystr.zfill(9)) 000000999 >>> mystr = "-40" >>> print(mystr.zfill(5)) -0040 |
