Lua Programming Examples

Assert and Error Functions

lua

local function add(a,b)
   assert(type(a) == "number", "a is not a number")
   assert(type(b) == "number", "b is not a number")
   return a+b
end

add(10)

Run Time Error

lua

function add(a,b)
   return a+b
end

add(10)

Syntax Errors

lua

for a = 1, 10
   print(a)
end

Another Coroutine Example

lua

function getNumber()
   local function getNumberHelper()
      co = coroutine.create(function ()
      coroutine.yield(1)
      coroutine.yield(2)
      coroutine.yield(3)
      coroutine.yield(4)
      coroutine.yield(5)
      end)
      return co
   end
	
   if(numberHelper) then
      status, number = coroutine.resume(numberHelper);
		
      if coroutine.status(numberHelper) == "dead" then
         numberHelper = getNumberHelper()
         status, number = coroutine.resume(numberHelper);
      end
		
      return number
   else
      numberHelper = getNumberHelper()
      status, number = coroutine.resume(numberHelper);
      return number
   end
	
end

for index = 1, 10 do
   print(index, getNumber())
end

Coroutines

lua

co = coroutine.create(function (value1,value2)
   local tempvar3 = 10
   print("coroutine section 1", value1, value2, tempvar3)
	
   local tempvar1 = coroutine.yield(value1+1,value2+1)
   tempvar3 = tempvar3 + value1
   print("coroutine section 2",tempvar1 ,tempvar2, tempvar3)
	
   local tempvar1, tempvar2= coroutine.yield(value1+value2, value1-value2)
   tempvar3 = tempvar3 + value1
   print("coroutine section 3",tempvar1,tempvar2, tempvar3)
   return value2, "end"
	
end)

print("main", coroutine.resume(co, 3, 2))
print("main", coroutine.resume(co, 12,14))
print("main", coroutine.resume(co, 5, 6))
print("main", coroutine.resume(co, 10, 20))

Lua tostring

lua

mytable = setmetatable({ 10, 20, 30 }, {
   __tostring = function(mytable)
   sum = 0
	
      for k, v in pairs(mytable) do
         sum = sum + v
      end
		
      return "The sum of values in the table is " .. sum
   end
})
print(mytable)

Call

lua

mytable = setmetatable({10}, {
   __call = function(mytable, newtable)
   sum = 0
	
      for i = 1, table.maxn(mytable) do
         sum = sum + mytable[i]
      end
	
      for i = 1, table.maxn(newtable) do
         sum = sum + newtable[i]
      end
	
      return sum
   end
})

newtable = {10,20,30}
print(mytable(newtable))

Adding Operator Behavior

lua

mytable = setmetatable({ 1, 2, 3 }, {
   __add = function(mytable, newtable)
	
      for i = 1, table.maxn(newtable) do
         table.insert(mytable, table.maxn(mytable)+1,newtable[i])
      end
      return mytable
   end
})

secondtable = {4,5,6}

mytable = mytable + secondtable

for k,v in ipairs(mytable) do
   print(k,v)
end

Rawset Function

lua

mytable = setmetatable({key1 = "value1"}, {

   __newindex = function(mytable, key, value)
      rawset(mytable, key, "\""..value.."\"")
   end
})

mytable.key1 = "new value"
mytable.key2 = 4

print(mytable.key1,mytable.key2)

NewIndex

lua

mymetatable = {}
mytable = setmetatable({key1 = "value1"}, { __newindex = mymetatable })

print(mytable.key1)

mytable.newkey = "new value 2"
print(mytable.newkey,mymetatable.newkey)

mytable.key1 = "new  value 1"
print(mytable.key1,mymetatable.newkey1)

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