D Programming Examples

D InputRange

d

import std.stdio; 
import std.string; 
 
struct Student { 
   string name; 
   int number; 
   
   string toString() const { 
      return format("%s(%s)", name, number); 
   } 
}
  
struct School { 
   Student[] students; 
}
struct StudentRange {
   Student[] students; 
   
   this(School school) { 
      this.students = school.students; 
   } 
   @property bool empty() const { 
      return students.length == 0; 
   } 
   @property ref Student front() { 
      return students[0]; 
   } 
   void popFront() { 
      students = students[1 .. $]; 
   } 
}

void main() { 
   auto school = School([ Student("Raj", 1), Student("John", 2), Student("Ram", 3)]);
   auto range = StudentRange(school); 
   writeln(range);  
   
   writeln(school.students.length);
   
   writeln(range.front); 
   
   range.popFront;  
   
   writeln(range.empty); 
   writeln(range); 
}

D Accessing Union Members Modified

d

import std.stdio;

union Data { 
   int i; 
   float f; 
   char str[13]; 
};  
void main( ) { 
   Data data; 
   writeln( "size of : ", data.sizeof);  
   
   data.i = 10; 
   writeln( "data.i : ", data.i); 
   
   data.f = 220.5; 
   writeln( "data.f : ", data.f);  
   
   data.str = "D Programming".dup; 
   writeln( "data.str : ", data.str); 
}

D Accessing Union Members

d

import std.stdio;

union Data { 
   int i; 
   float f; 
   char str[13]; 
};  

void main( ) { 
   Data data; 
   
   data.i = 10; 
   data.f = 220.5; 
   
   data.str = "D Programming".dup; 
   writeln( "size of : ", data.sizeof); 
   writeln( "data.i : ", data.i); 
   writeln( "data.f : ", data.f); 
   writeln( "data.str : ", data.str); 
}

D Defining a Union

d

import std.stdio; 
  
union Data { 
   int i; 
   float f; 
   char str[20]; 
}; 
  
int main( ) { 
   Data data; 

   writeln( "Memory size occupied by data : ", data.sizeof);

   return 0; 
}

D Static Members

d

import std.stdio;  

struct Books { 
   char [] title; 
   char [] subject = "Empty".dup; 
   int   book_id; 
   char [] author = "Raj".dup; 
   static int id = 1000; 
}; 
 
void main( ) { 
   Books Book1 = Books("D Programming".dup, "D Programming Tutorial".dup,++Books.id ); 
   printBook( Book1 );  
   
   Books Book2 = Books("D Programming".dup, "D Programming Tutorial".dup,++Books.id); 
   printBook( Book2 );  
   
   Books Book3 =  {title:"Obj C programming".dup, book_id:++Books.id}; 
   printBook( Book3 ); 
}
  
void printBook( Books book ) { 
   writeln( "Book title : ", book.title); 
   writeln( "Book author : ", book.author); 
   writeln( "Book subject : ", book.subject); 
   writeln( "Book book_id : ", book.book_id); 
}

D Structs Initialization

d

import std.stdio;

struct Books { 
   char [] title; 
   char [] subject = "Empty".dup; 
   int   book_id = -1; 
   char [] author = "Raj".dup;  
}; 
 
void main( ) { 
   Books Book1 = Books("D Programming".dup, "D Programming Tutorial".dup, 6495407 ); 
   printBook( Book1 ); 
   
   Books Book2 = Books("D Programming".dup, 
      "D Programming Tutorial".dup, 6495407,"Raj".dup ); 
   printBook( Book2 );
   
   Books Book3 =  {title:"Obj C programming".dup, book_id : 1001};
   printBook( Book3 ); 
}
  
void printBook( Books book ) { 
   writeln( "Book title : ", book.title); 
   writeln( "Book author : ", book.author); 
   writeln( "Book subject : ", book.subject); 
   writeln( "Book book_id : ", book.book_id); 
}

D Structures as Function Arguments

d

import std.stdio;

struct Books { 
   char [] title; 
   char [] author; 
   char [] subject; 
   int   book_id; 
}; 
 
void main( ) { 
   Books Book1;        /* Declare Book1 of type Book */ 
   Books Book2;        /* Declare Book2 of type Book */  
   
   /* book 1 specification */ 
   Book1.title = "D Programming".dup; 
   Book1.author = "Raj".dup; 
   Book1.subject = "D Programming Tutorial".dup; 
   Book1.book_id = 6495407;  
   
   /* book 2 specification */ 
   Book2.title = "D Programming".dup; 
   Book2.author = "Raj".dup; 
   Book2.subject = "D Programming Tutorial".dup; 
   Book2.book_id = 6495700;  
   
   /* print Book1 info */ 
   printBook( Book1 );  
   
   /* Print Book2 info */ 
   printBook( Book2 );  
}
 
void printBook( Books book ) { 
   writeln( "Book title : ", book.title); 
   writeln( "Book author : ", book.author); 
   writeln( "Book subject : ", book.subject); 
   writeln( "Book book_id : ", book.book_id); 
}

D Accessing Structure Members

d

import std.stdio; 
 
struct Books { 
   char [] title; 
   char [] author; 
   char [] subject; 
   int   book_id; 
}; 
 
void main( ) { 
   Books Book1;        /* Declare Book1 of type Book */ 
   Books Book2;        /* Declare Book2 of type Book */ 
   
   /* book 1 specification */ 
   Book1.title = "D Programming".dup; 
   Book1.author = "Raj".dup; 
   Book1.subject = "D Programming Tutorial".dup;
   Book1.book_id = 6495407; 
   
   /* book 2 specification */ 
   Book2.title = "D Programming".dup; 
   Book2.author = "Raj".dup; 
   Book2.subject = "D Programming Tutorial".dup; 
   Book2.book_id = 6495700; 
   
   /* print Book1 info */ 
   writeln( "Book 1 title : ", Book1.title); 
   writeln( "Book 1 author : ", Book1.author); 
   writeln( "Book 1 subject : ", Book1.subject); 
   writeln( "Book 1 book_id : ", Book1.book_id);  
   
   /* print Book2 info */ 
   writeln( "Book 2 title : ", Book2.title); 
   writeln( "Book 2 author : ", Book2.author); 
   writeln( "Book 2 subject : ", Book2.subject); 
   writeln( "Book 2 book_id : ", Book2.book_id); 
}

D TypeTuple

d

import std.stdio; 
import std.typecons; 
import std.typetuple; 
 
alias TypeTuple!(int, long) TL;  

void method1(int a, string b, float c, char d) { 
   writeln("method 1 ",a,"\t",b,"\t",c,"\t",d); 
} 

void method2(TL tl) { 
   writeln(tl[0],"\t", tl[1] ); 
} 
 
void main() { 
   auto arguments = TypeTuple!(5, "my string", 3.3,'r');  
   method1(arguments); 
   method2(5, 6L);  
}

D Expanding Property and Function Params

d

import std.stdio; 
import std.typecons;
 
void method1(int a, string b, float c, char d) { 
   writeln("method 1 ",a,"\t",b,"\t",c,"\t",d); 
}
 
void method2(int a, float b, char c) { 
   writeln("method 2 ",a,"\t",b,"\t",c); 
}
 
void main() { 
   auto myTuple = tuple(5, "my string", 3.3, 'r'); 
   
   writeln("method1 call 1"); 
   method1(myTuple[]); 
   
   writeln("method1 call 2"); 
   method1(myTuple.expand); 
   
   writeln("method2 call 1"); 
   method2(myTuple[0], myTuple[$-2..$]); 
}

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