Virus - AIDS
Advertisements
Description:
Virus related to Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome or AIDS which is caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus or HIV.
Structure of the virus
- The virus particle is covered by two lipid layers derived from the host cell.
- Two types of glycoproteins are also associated with these lipid layers −
- gp 41: Lie within lipid membrane.
- gp 120: extends beyond lipid layers and forms a second layer.
Harmful effects of HIV
- The virus attacks T 4 cells of host. These T 4 cells plays a major role in the immune system of the body.
- It also affects the brain and spinal chord.
- HIV can cause 3 types of cancer in infected persons −
- Kaposi\'s sarcoma which is a type of skin tumor that spread to internal organs and cause internal bleeding and death.
- Cancerous growth of skin and mucous membranes.
- Tumors in B-lymphocytes.
Mechanism of action
- Takes three to ten years of incubation during which no symptoms of AIDS are produced.
- At the end of incubation period, the infected people develop AIDS related complex (ARC).
- Causes the depletion of T-helper cells and continuously swollen lymph glands.
- ARC is followed by the disease AIDS.
Mode of transmission
- Sexual contact.
- Contaminated blood and blood products.
- Sharing of drug needs contaminated with the virus.
- From infect mother to child during or shortly after birth.
- Cannot be transmitted by casual contacts like shaking hands, hugging or food and water.
Advertisements