Haloalkanes and Haloarenes - Nomenclature

Description:

In order to write the IUPAC name of a given organic compound, we need to identify −

• Parent chain (longest hydrocarbon).
• Principal functional group (suffix)
• Substituents and its position(s) (prefix).

CH₃ − CH₂ − CH(Cl) − CH₃

Common Name: sec − Butylchloride;

IUPAC Name − 2 − Chlorobutane

Common Name: neo − Pentylbromide

IUPAC Name − 1 − Bromo − 2,2 − dimethylpropane

Common Name: tert − Butylbromide

IUPAC Name − 2 − Bromo − 2 − methylpropane

CH₂ = CH − Cl

Common Name: Vinyl Chloride

IUPAC Name − Chloroethene

CH₂ = CH - CH₂Br

Common Name: Allyl Bromide

IUPAC Name − 3 - Bromoprop - 1 - ene

IUPAC Name − 1 - Chloro - 4- (2 - methylpropyl)benzene

Dihaloalkanes having the same type of halogen atoms are called alkylidene or alkylene dihalides.

• When dihalo compounds having same type of halogen atoms are present on the same carbon atom − geminal dihalides.

• When dihalo compounds having same type of halogen atoms are present on the adjacent carbon atoms − vicinal dihalides.