Hybridization Bond Length and Bond Strength

Description:

Hybridization influences bond strength and bond length. Greater the s - character, closer the orbitals are to the nucleus and hence forms stronger and shorter bonds.

Bond length and bond strength are inversely related to each other, i.e., greater the bond length, weaker is the bond strength.

• s −character in different hybridization states are: sp³(25%),sp²(33%),sp(50%)

• Bond strength: alkynes (sp) > alkenes (sp²) > alkanes (sp³)

• Bond length: alkanes (sp³) > alkenes (sp²) > alkynes (sp)

Example − Arrange the following compounds in decreasing order of bond strength.

CH₃ − CH₃, CH₂ = CH − CH₃, HC ≡ C − CH₃

Bond Strength: sp > sp² > sp³

(sp)HC ≡ C − CH₃ > (sp²) CH₂ = C − CH₃ > (sp³) CH₃ − CH

(alkynes > alkenes > alkanes)